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Many people who drink alcohol also like to smoke cigarettes. Drinking and smoking seem to be closely linked. Some people might even say they go together hand-in-hand. But this may be more than just a mixing of two fairly common activities. New research has looked more closely at the relationship between cigarettes and alcohol. And the relationship is one of equal dependence. Smoking and drinking seem to feed on each other. These are the exact words of Mahesh Thakkar. He is head of research in the Department of Neurology at the University of Missouri’s School of Medicine. Thakkar explains that when a person drinks alcohol they get sleepy. He says a drug in cigarettes fights that sleepy feeling. That drug, nicotine, can be addictive; smokers need more cigarettes because of their body’s growing dependence on the drug. So, if a person smokes, then he or she is much more likely to drink alcohol, and vice versa. Thakkar says, “They feed off one another."
* be (closely) linked = 연계가 있다/ go hand-in-hand = 관련되다; 함께 가다/ dependence = 중독, 의존성, 의존, 의지/ feed on[off] ~ = ~때문에 더 강해지다; ~을 먹고 살다/ head of research = 연구 실장[소장]/ neurology = 신경학/ addictive = 중독성의(이 있는)/ vice versa = 거꾸로, 반대로 또한 같음
Researchers already knew that people who use alcohol often smoke. In fact, earlier research shows that more than 85 percent of alcohol-dependent American adults also depend on nicotine. Thakkar's earlier research showed that nicotine combined with alcohol stimulates what he calls the "reward center" of the brain. However, the new study shows a dependent relationship between the substances. Thakkar says his team "found that nicotine weakens” the sleep-causing effects of alcohol. It does this by activating an area of the brain called the basal forebrain. According to the Psychology Definition website, that area is responsible for memory, learning and attention.
* alcohol-dependent = 알코올 의존(중독)/ stimulate = 자극하다, 흥분시키다; 고무하다/ weaken = 약화시키다/ activate = 작동시키다; 활성화시키다/ basal forebrain = 기저 전뇌/ responsible for ~ = ~에 원인(책임)이 있는
